The history of stoats Mustela erminea and weasels M. nivalis in the Post-glacial of the British Isles

Authors

Paul Chanin, Catherine O’Reilly, Peter Turner, Lisa Kerslake, Johnny Birks & Michael Woods

Summary

This study examines the post-glacial history of stoats (Mustela erminea) and weasels (M. nivalis) in the British Isles, addressing debates about their native status. While prior research assumed both species were indigenous, limited Late Glacial records from Great Britain have led to speculation about possible human introduction. Through a comprehensive review of archaeological and palaeontological records, including previously overlooked local sources, the study identifies at least 10 Late Glacial records of stoats and 11 of weasels, primarily from Pin Hole Cave and other Devensian sites. These findings, though sparse, suggest both species were present in Britain before the Holocene, supporting their classification as native fauna. The scarcity of remains is attributed to their ecological habits and limited representation in archaeological contexts. Notably, genetic studies indicate that Irish stoats are both highly variable and genetically distinct from British populations, further affirming their long-term presence. The absence of Mesolithic records in Britain remains a gap, but the available evidence collectively supports the conclusion that stoats and weasels colonized the British Isles naturally during the Late Glacial period.

DOI

https://doi.org/10.59922/LULP5388

Full Citation

Chanin, P., O’Reilly, C., Turner, P., Kerslake, L.Birks, J. & Woods, M. (2015) Insects in the diet of the hazel dormouse (Muscardinus avellanarius): a pilot study using DNA barcoding. Mammal Communications 1: 1- 7.  DOI: 10.59922/LULP5388